Diagnosis until proven otherwise for postmenopausal bleeding
Patient handout - Endometrial cancer - patient.co.uk
Clinical features
- 
Peak incidence 50-70yo 
- 
Risk factors: - 
age 
- 
obestiy 
- 
nulliparity 
- 
late menopause 
- 
diabetes mellitus 
- 
polycystic ovary 
- 
drugs - 
unopposed oestrogen 
- 
tamoxifen 
 
- 
- 
family history - 
breast 
- 
ovarian 
- 
colon cancer 
 
- 
 
- 
Symptoms
80% present with abnormal bleeding
Especially post menopausal bleeding
Investigations
- 
Smear - 
detects some cases 
- 
not excluded by normal smear 
 
- 
- 
Ultrasound - >12mm
 
- 
Pipelle 
Management
Urgent gynae referral
NICE guidance
When woman who is not on fromone replacement therapy presents with postmenopausal bleeding g- urgen referral should be made
When a woman on hormone replacement therapy presents with persistent or unexplained post menopausal bleeding after cessation of hormone replacement therapy for 6 weeks - an urgent referral should be made
Tamoxifen can increase the risk of endometrial cancer