IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease

• most common form of primary GN

• 6-10% of general population

• 2nd - 3rd decaade of life

• 1/3 = visible hameaturia

  • coinciding with intercurrent infections

  • URTI

  • proteinuria

  • htn

  • progressive renal dysfunction

• minority -> end-stage kidney disease

• main markers of progression

  • presence/degree of proteinuria

  • development of htn

  • degreeo f scarring on renal biopsy strongly correlates wiht risk of progression

• Treatmnet

  • control BP

    • ACEi/ARB

  • reduction of protein uria

  • immunosuppression = controversial

• Prognsosi

  • same as general population if:

    • microscopic haematuria

    • no or minimal proteinuria

    • normal Bp

    • normal renal function

Thin basement membrane disease

• benign familial haematuria

• = most common reason for persistent haematuria in children/adults

• uniform thinning of glomerular basement membrane

• mild proliferative GN

• lifelong glomerular haematuria but minimal proteinuria and normal renal function

• multiple family members to be affected

Nephrotic syndrome

ACR >250 or proteinuria >3-3.5g/24h

serum albumin \<25

clinical evidence of peripheral oedema